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The spectacular landscape of ochre-red cliffs known as Las Médulas, in Castilla y León, owes its shape to the Romans, who used hydraulic mining techniques to get at the area’s rich gold deposits. It was the most important gold mine in the entire Roman Empire, and is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site. While Las Médulas are no longer mined, mining in León is still an important part of the economy. Note the mine in the distance. Photo ©Mike Randolph
Dwarfed by history: The magnificent aqueduct in Segovia, Spain, is one of the best-preserved Roman monuments in the world. The structure, nearly 2,000 years old, was engineered from some 25,000 granite blocks which were cut and arranged so precisely that no mortar was needed to hold them together. It brought water to the city from the Rio Frio, 18 kilometers away, and was still in use well into the 20th Century. Photo ©Mike Randolph